For over twenty-five years we have been basing our consultancy projects on the TOC (Theory of Constraints) model: a bottom-up approach that starts from the collection of undesirable effects experienced by the client and proceeds backwards to the definition of the underlying conflict and the cognitive assumptions to be invalidated in order to resolve the conflict. This is followed by the construction of a robust conceptual map (future reality tree) that guides the definition of an operational transformation plan (prerequisite tree) that is highly customised to suit the client’s reality.